Colombian Emeralds

BOGOTA, CUNDINAMARCA, COLOMBIA - APRIL 1: Headquarters of the Center of Technological Development of the Colombian Emerald where scientists, gemologist and chemists examine, research and identify gems on April 1, 2009 in Bogota, Cundinamarca, Colombia.Colombia produces 55% of the world's emerald market. These prized gems, considered the best in the world, have been the source of intrigue and danger since long before the arrival of the Spanish Conquistadores. In modern times, the emeralds of Colombia continue to inspire stories of romance, betrayal and violence. The "Green War" of the 1980s, in which the emerald zar Victor Carranza fought off the forces of Pablo Escobar who desired the emerald business for himself, claimed an estimated 25,000 lives. Ultimately vanquishing his foes, Don Victor, known simply as "El" (The Boss), has been the kingpin of the emerald business, ruling through a combination of personal charisma and ruthless authority. (Photo by Joana Toro/Getty Images)