Getulio Vargas (1883-1954), President of

Getulio Vargas (1883-1954), President of Brazil, delivers a broadcast speech to announce the dissolution of congress and to proclame the fascist "Estado Novo" ("New State") dictatorship, 10 November 1937 in Rio de Janeiro. Elected Federal deputy since 1923, Getulio Vargas seized power by revolution in 1930. From 1937, as he dissolved congress and suppressed all political parties and trade unions, he governed as a populist dictator. In 1945 he was ousted by popular clamour for a democratic constitution, but was voted back to office in 1951. Four years later, in face of mounting opposition, he committed suicide. (Photo credit should read OFF/AFP via Getty Images)